Bee-ingestible compositions, methods of using same for producing honey and honey produced thereby

ABSTRACT

A bee ingestible composition comprising a bee food base and THC and/or CBD is provided. Also provided are methods of producing honey, honey obtainable by these methods and uses of same.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation of PCT Patent Application No.PCT/IL2016/050801, having International filing date of Jul. 21, 2016,which claims the benefit of priority under 35 USC § 119(e) of U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 62/195,311 filed Jul. 22, 2015, thecontents of which are incorporated herein by reference in theirentirety.

FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates tobee-ingestible compositions, methods of using same for producing honeyand honey produced thereby.

Cannabis, more commonly known as marijuana, is a genus of floweringplants that includes at least three species, Cannabis sativa, Cannabisindica, and Cannabis ruderalis as determined by plant phenotypes andsecondary metabolite profiles.

The use of cannabis for social and medical purposes has been known foralmost of all humanity's recorded history. Cannabis is most commonlyadministered via inhalation or consumption of marijuana-infused food anddrink.

Several medicinal uses have been found for the active ingredients ofcannabis, including the ingredients tetrahydrocannabinol (THC),cannabinol (CBN), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabichromene (CBC). Themedicinal uses of cannabis include treatment of nausea and painassociated with cancer and chemotherapy; nausea, pain and wastingassociated with AIDS; arthritis and rheumatism; glaucoma; migraines;muscle spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis and paralysis;alcohol and narcotics withdrawal; stress and depression; asthma; andepileptic seizures.

Despite the many proven or suspected benefits of cannabis, legal andsocial barriers prevent its widespread use.

There presently exists a need to provide more effective and safercannabis extracts for various medical uses.

Honey has been used as a natural remedy and therapeutic aid sinceancient times. The anti-microbial properties of honey have long formedpart of both folk and scientific knowledge. Recently it has beensuggested that the process of production of nectar into honey, naturallyintensifies the effect of active ingredients present in the nectar,making them more effective and readily absorbed by the body. Productsbased on this scientific finding include LifeMel Honey, the world's mostexpensive honey and also disclosed in WO 2006/080019.

Additional background art includes:

U.S. Pat. No. 8,445,034 teaches systems and methods for fabricating amedicine by preparing a cannabis plant material and classifying thecannabis plant material into an acid, neutral, or analog form;extracting cannabinoids from the cannabis plant material by either areflux process through evaporating and condensing the cannabis plantmaterial or an ultrasonic extraction process of the cannabis plantmaterial with ultrasonic waves; and infusing the cannabinoids withglycerine or honey to produce the medicine from a cannabis plant;

www(dot)thctalk(dot)com/cannabis-forum/archive/index(dot)php/t-82646(dot)html.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided a bee ingestible composition comprising a bee foodbase and THC and/or CBD.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the bee ingestiblecomposition comprises cannabis oil.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the bee ingestiblecomposition further comprises oil for rendering the composition morefluid.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said oil comprises anolive oil.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said bee food base is ina solid form.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said bee food base is ina liquid form.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said bee food base is ina semi-solid form.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the bee ingestiblecomposition is a paste.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said bee food basecomprises a natural bee feed.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said bee food basecomprises a non-natural bee feed.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said bee food base isselected from the group consisting of honey, pollen, nectar, acarbohydrate solution and mixtures thereof.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said bee food base isselected from the group consisting of wheat, soybean flour, yeast, cornsyrup, beet sugar syrup, isomerized corn syrup and type-50 sugar syrup.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said bee food base ishoney.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said cannabis oilcomprises said THC and/or CBD.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the bee-ingestiblecomposition further comprises a pharmaceutical selected from the groupconsisting of an anti-allergic agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, anantioxidant, an anti-microbial agent, an antibacterial agent, anantifungal agent, an antiviral agent, an anti-cancer agent, an apoptosisinducing agent and an anti-diarrheal agent.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said pharmaceutical is aplant-derived pharmaceutical.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said pharmaceutical isnot naturally present in cannabis trichome or cannabis oil.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said pharmaceutical isselected from the group consisting of a flavanoid, a heteroside, apolyphenol and a terpenoid.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said flavanoid isnaringin.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said bee food base ispresent in the bee-ingestible composition at an amount of at least 50%.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said CBD and/or THC insaid cannabis oil is present in the bee-ingestible composition at anamount not exceeding 1%.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the bee-ingestiblecomposition comprised:

50-99.9% bee food base;

0.1-5% cannabis oil; and optionally

0.1-1% pharmaceutical.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided a method of producing honey comprising:

(a) feeding bees with the bee ingestible composition; and

(b) collecting the honey produced by said bees.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided honey obtainable according to the method describedherein.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the honey issubstantially free of plant material.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided honey comprising THC and/or CBD and a pharmaceuticalwhich is not-naturally present in cannabis.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said pharmaceuticalcomprises a plant derived pharmaceutical.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the honey ischaracterized in that it comprises about 1,000 or more fold lower (e.g.,about 10,000 fold lower) concentration of THC and/or CBD than thatpresent in the cannabis oil used to prepare said bee-ingestiblecomposition, and optionally about 4 or more fold lower concentration ofTHC and/or CBD than the bee-ingestible composition itself.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided honey comprising 5 ppm-500 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided honey comprising 5 ppm-400 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided honey comprising 5 ppm-300 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided honey comprising 10 ppm-200 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the honey comprises 50ppm-100 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the honey comprises 50ppm-80 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the honey furthercomprises a pharmaceutical.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the honey is in a in asemi-solid form.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the honey is in a solidform.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the honey is in a liquidform.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided a processed product comprising the honey describedherein.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided a method of treating a medical condition which isalleviated by cannabis, the method comprising administering to a subjectin need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the honey or aprocessed product thereof, thereby treating the medical condition whichis alleviated by cannabis.

According to some embodiments of the invention, said medical conditionis selected from the group consisting of nausea and pain associated withcancer and chemotherapy; nausea, pain and wasting associated with AIDS;arthritis and rheumatism; glaucoma; migraine; muscle spasticityassociated with multiple sclerosis and paralysis; alcohol and narcoticswithdrawal; stress; depression; asthma; epileptic seizures, dementia,fibromyalgia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and/or scientific terms usedherein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinaryskill in the art to which the invention pertains. Although methods andmaterials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used inthe practice or testing of embodiments of the invention, exemplarymethods and/or materials are described below. In case of conflict, thepatent specification, including definitions, will control. In addition,the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and are notintended to be necessarily limiting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

Some embodiments of the invention are herein described, by way ofexample only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. With specificreference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressed that theparticulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrativediscussion of embodiments of the invention. In this regard, thedescription taken with the drawings makes apparent to those skilled inthe art how embodiments of the invention may be practiced.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the attraction of honey bees to thevarious feeding protocols. Attraction levels 1 and 9 are exemplified.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in strongest pain during 24 hours infibromyalgia patients, t-test showing statistical trend in cannabishoney group. Orange bars: average of questioner # I and average ofquestioner # III. Grey bars: average of questioner # II and average ofquestioner # IV.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in average pain during 24 hours infibromyalgia patients—t-test showing statistical trend in cannabis honeygroup. Orange bars: average of questioner # I and average of questioner# III. Grey bars: average of questioner # II and average of questioner #IV.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in knee local pain during 24 hours infibromyalgia patients—t-test showing statistically significantimprovement in cannabis honey group. Orange bars: average of questioner# I and average of questioner # III. Grey bars: average of questioner #II and average of questioner # IV.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in general activity limitation during24 hours in fibromyalgia patients—t-test showing statisticallysignificant improvement in cannabis honey group. Orange bars: average ofquestioner # I and average of questioner # III. Grey bars: average ofquestioner # II and average of questioner # IV.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in walking limitation during 24 hoursin fibromyalgia patients—t-test showing statistical trend in cannabishoney group. Orange bars: average of questioner # I and average ofquestioner # III. Grey bars: average of questioner # II and average ofquestioner # IV.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing changes in insomnia during 24 hours infibromyalgia patients—t-test showing statistical trend in cannabis honeygroup. Orange bars: average of questioner # I and average of questioner# III. Grey bars: average of questioner # II and average of questioner #IV.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing changes in average pain during 24 hours inPTSD patients—t-test showing statistical significant change in cannabishoney group.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing changes in effect on mood during 24 hours inPTSD patients—t-test showing statistical significant change in cannabishoney group. Orange bars: average of questioner # I and average ofquestioner # III. Grey bars: average of questioner # II and average ofquestioner # IV.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing changes in effect on mood during 24 hours inPTSD patients—t-test showing statistical significant change in cannabishoney group. Orange bars: average of questioner # I and average ofquestioner # III. Grey bars: average of questioner # II and average ofquestioner # IV.

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates tobee-ingestible compositions, methods of using same for producing honeyand honey produced thereby.

Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, itis to be understood that the invention is not necessarily limited in itsapplication to the details set forth in the following description orexemplified by the Examples. The invention is capable of otherembodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways.

Cannabis, also known as marijuana and by numerous other names, is apreparation of the Cannabis plant intended for use as a psychoactivedrug or medicine. The main psychoactive part of cannabis istetrahydrocannabinol (THC); it is one of 483 known compounds in theplant, including at least 84 other cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol(CBD), cannabinol (CBN), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV).

Cannabis has been indicated for the reduction of nausea and vomitingduring chemotherapy, improving appetite in people with HIV/AIDS,alleviation of chronic pain and muscle spasms as well as other medicalconditions such as detailed hereinbelow.

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, most countries haveenacted laws against the cultivation, possession or transfer ofcannabis. There presently exists a need to provide more effective andsafer cannabis preparations for various medical uses.

While reducing the present invention to practice, the present inventorwas able to feed honeybees on cannabis oil extract. This finding isparticularly surprising since it is well known in the beekeeping worldthat honeybees do not pollinate cannabis. In fact, cannabis is naturallypollinated by wind, hence the plant does not produce nectar which is soessential to bees as a carbohydrate and protein source.

However, according to the present teachings, bee ingestible compositionscomprising the cannabis oil are fed to the bees which in turn producehoney which comprises the active ingredients in the cannabis oil e.g.,cannabinoids. Despite the lower concentration of the active ingredientsin the honey thus produced, the honey is endowed with pharmaceuticalactivity absent from control honey, i.e., honey simply mixed with theactive ingredients at the corresponding concentration. Thus, the presentfindings pave the way to the production of honey and honey-basedproducts which are effective and safe for various medical uses.

Thus, according to an aspect of the invention there is provided a beeingestible composition comprising a bee food base and CBD and/or THC.

As used herein the term “bee” refers to any of several winged,hairy-bodied, usually stinging insects of the superfamily Apoidea in theorder Hymenoptera, including both solitary and social species andcharacterized by sucking and chewing mouthparts for gathering nectar, aswell as collecting pollen. Exemplary bee species include, but are notlimited to Apis, Bombus, Trigona, Osmia and the like. In one embodiment,bees include, but are not limited to bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) andhoneybees (Apis mellifera). It is believed that the present teachingsare relevant to the aforementioned bee species. However, due to thecommercial interest more emphasis has been put on honey bees. The termas used herein refers to a bee at any developmental stage, e.g., egglarvae and pupa, adult e.g., queen, workers and drones. According to aspecific embodiment, the bee is an adult bee.

According to a specific embodiment, the term “honeybee” or “honey bee”refers to the western honey bee or European honey bee (Apis mellifera),being a species of bee.

As used herein the term “bee ingestible composition” also referred toherein as “the composition” refers to a natural or non-natural bee feedwhich is transferred to the nectar sac (for honey production) andoptionally to the stomach.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition is in a solid forme.g., pollen cake.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition is in a semi-solidform.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition is in liquid form.

According to a specific embodiment, the liquid is a sucrose solution.

According to a specific embodiment, the liquid is a corn syrup solution.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition is a paste.

According to a specific embodiment, the liquid further comprises acarbohydrate or sugar supplement.

According to a specific embodiment, a bee food base of the beeingestible composition comprises a natural bee feed.

According to a specific embodiment, a bee food base of the beeingestible composition comprises a non-natural bee feed.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is selected fromthe group consisting of honey, pollen, nectar, a carbohydrate solutionand mixtures thereof.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is selected fromthe group consisting of wheat, soybean flour, yeast, corn syrup, beetsugar syrup, isomerized corn syrup and type-50 sugar syrup.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base in the compositionis honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee ingestible composition asdescribed herein comprises oil for rendering the composition more fluid.

According to a specific embodiment, the oil is derived from wheat germ,Camelina, Jojova, macroloba, passiflora edulis, Mauritia flexuosa,Carpa, Brazil nut, Astrocaryum aculetum, Annona muricata, Acmellaoleracea, Acai palm, Sesame, Rice bran, Linseed, Hazelnut, Grape seed,Corn, Coconut, Palm kernel, Cottonseed, Peanut, Canola, Sunflower seedHigh Oleic, Sunflower seed High Linoleic, Rapeseed, Soybean and Palm.

According to a specific embodiment, the oil is olive oil.

As used herein the term “cannabidiol” or “CBD” refers to the majornon-psychotropic cannabinoid in most Cannabis preparations, such ashashish and marihuana. Thus, cannabidiol, as used herein, is meant torefer to2-[3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediolas well as to pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, metabolites(e.g., cutaneous metabolites), and metabolic precursors of2-[3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol.The synthesis of2-[3-methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediolis described, for example, in Petilka et al., Helv. Chim. Acta, 52:1102(1969) and in Mechoulam et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 87:3273 (1965), whichare hereby incorporated by reference.

The term CBD refers to the naturally occurring substance or syntheticversions of same. The term also refers to cannabidiol derivatives andmetabolites such as taught in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,759,526, 8,119,697 and8,435,556 each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in itsentirety.

As used herein the term “THC” or Tetrahydrocannabinol, or more preciselyits main isomer (−)-trans-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol((6aR,10aR)-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol), is the principal psychoactiveconstituent (or cannabinoid) of cannabis. The term refers to thenaturally occurring substance or synthetic versions of same.

“(−)-trans-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol”, as used herein, also refers to itspharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, metabolites, and metabolicprecursors. .DELTA..sup.9-tetrahydrocannabinol is marketed under thegeneric name “dronabinol”.

As mentioned the THC and/or CBD can be provided into the composition ina purified form (e.g., above 90% purity each, e.g., synthetic forms) orin a cannabis oil (e.g., trichome extract). The cannabis oil should notbe confused with the oil described above.

The oil can be extracted from a single genetic background of a cannabisplant i.e., line, or a plurality of genetic backgrounds.

As used herein the term “cannabis” refers to the genus of floweringplants that includes three different species, Cannabis sativa, Cannabisindica and Cannabis ruderalis.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis is from the speciesCannabis ruderalis which is substantially devoid of psychotrophicactivity.

When cannabis oil is used, as the source of CBD/THC, the compositioncomprises also other metabolites and active ingredients which areextracted in the cannabis oil. Examples include but are not limited toother cannabinoids as well as terpenes, flavinoids etc. Such compoundsare easily identified using gas chromatography or HPLC (see for detailsRomano et al. Cannabinoids 2013; 1(1):1-11).

When cannabis oil is used, the cannabis genetic background is selectedaccording to the intended use, that is, high/low CBD/THC levels.

For example, breeders are currently developing more CBD-rich strains, asreported in Good, Alastair (26 Oct. 2010). “Growing marijuana that won'tget you high”. The Daily Telegraph (London). Other CBD-reach strains areavailable from Tikun Olam that developed a strain of the plant which hasonly cannabidiol as an active ingredient, and no detectable levels ofTHC, providing some of the medicinal benefits of cannabis without thepsychotrophic effects. Avidekel, a cannabis strain that contains 15.8%CBD and less than 1% THC can also be used according to the presentteachings. Alternatively, strains of cannabis containing higher levelsof THC than levels of (or no) CBD may be desirable for treating certainmedical conditions, such as, for example, conditions causing chronicpain.

According to a specific embodiment, any variety of cannabis and/or hempmay be used provided that is a minimum of 1% CBD and/or THC.

Numerous methods are known in the art to extract oil from the cannabisplant and the ordinary skilled artisan will know which to chooseaccording to the intended use. Examples of CBD/THC extraction methodsinclude, but are not limited to, CO₂ extraction, alcohol (e.g., ethanol)extraction, and oil extraction (e.g., olive oil extraction). In thelatter, various oils can be used, including. but not limited to,vegetable oils, nut oils, butter and the like. Specific examplesinclude, but are not limited to, almond, avocado, butter, canola,coconut oil, grape seed oil, hemp seed oil, olive, pecan, sesame, andwalnut oils.

Thus even if the oil is extracted using methods which do not involve oilextraction, oil may be added to the composition to render it more fluidand to dilute the active ingredients such as by a factor of 10-200(e.g., 100 fold), dependent on the composition of cannabinoids in thecannabis oil and the intended use.

According to an alternative or an additional embodiment, lecithin isadded to the composition as an emulsifier when the sugar base is notsourced from honey.

Since the present teachings relate to the production of bee productswhich are endowed with pharmaceutical activities, the composition mayfurther comprise other pharmaceuticals. Such pharmaceuticals can bephytochemicals provided in the composition either in a purified form(e.g., synthetic) or as part of an herbal extract.

According to a specific embodiment the pharmaceutical is selected fromthe group consisting of an anti-allergic agent, an anti-inflammatoryagent, an antioxidant, an anti-microbial agent, an antibacterial agent,an antifungal agent, an antiviral agent, an analgesic agent, ananti-cancer agent, an apoptosis inducing agent and an anti-diarrhealagent.

According to a specific embodiment, the pharmaceutical is not ananalgesic agent.

According to a specific embodiment, the extracts are polar or non-polarand/or hydrophobic or hydrophilic extracts. Non-limiting examples ofsuitable plant extracts are those from Echinacea, Uncaria, Eleutherococcus, Urtica, Calendula, Trifoluim, Melissa, Moms, Ribes, Taraxacum,Chicorium, Vaccinium, Avena, Inula, Melilotus, Ficus, and Beta.

Examples of such phytochemicals include, but are not limited to,terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, polyphenols,heterosides and alkaloids.

Examples of medicinal plants from which active ingredients may beextracted include, but are not limited to, Salvia sclarea, Echinaceapurpurea, extracts from citruses. Examples of active ingredientsinclude, but are not limited to, Heterosides: Anthraquinones, cardiacglycosides, cyanogenics; Coumarins Flavonids phenols, ranunculosides,saponosides, sulphurides; Polyphenoles: Phenolic acids, cumarins,flavonoids, lignans, tannins, quinine; and Terpenoids: Essential oils,iridoids, lactones, diterpones, saponins. Alkaloids.

According to a specific embodiment, the flavanoid is naringin. Naringinis a flavanone-7-O-glycoside between the flavanone Naringenin and thedisaccharide neohesperidose. The flavonoids naringenin and hesperetin,which form the aglycones of naringin and hesperidin, occur naturally incitrus fruits, especially in grapefruit, where naringin is responsiblefor the fruit's bitter taste. Naringin is indicated as an inhibitor ofvascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release. Naringin reducesdiabetes-induced neuropathy. Naringin ameliorates memory deficits inAlzheimer's disease through attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction.Naringin has shown protective effects against cognitive dysfunction andoxidative damage.

According to a specific embodiment, the pharmaceutical may be aplant-derived pharmaceutical, also referred to herein as aphytochemical.

According to a specific embodiment, the pharmaceutical is not naturallypresent in (i.e., endogenous to) the cannabis trichome or cannabis oil.

It will be appreciated that other ingredients may be added to the beeingestible composition. Such ingredients may include, but are notlimited to, coloring agents, emulsifiers, plant extracts with medicaluses, flavors, and protein.

The doses of the CBD and/or THC in the bee-ingestible composition mayvary according to the intended use.

For example, CBD finds use in neurological applications (e.g.,neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson)as well as inflammation due to its neuroprotective activity andanti-oxidative activity. CBD has anti-psychotic effects and counteractsthe potential psychotomimetic effects of THC on individuals with latentschizophrenia and other mood disorders such as bipolar mood disorder,anxiety and more. The compound has been shown to be an alternativetreatment for schizophrenia that is safe and well-tolerated. Cannabidiolhas also been shown to reduce anxiety in social anxiety disorder.Chronic cannabidiol administration in rats was found to produceanxiogenic-like effects, indicating that prolonged treatment withcannabidiol incite anxiogenic effects. Cannabidiol also finds use is thetreatment of epilepsy e.g., Dravet syndrome. CBD is also indicated foruse in the treatment of inflammation and can be used for treatingdiseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, liver inflammation,heart disease and diabetes.

THC finds use in Multiple sclerosis symptoms:

Spasticity, based on the results of high quality trials, oral cannabisextract was rated as effective, and THC as probably effective, forimproving patient's subjective experience of spasticity. Oral cannabisextract and THC both were rated as possibly effective for improvingobjective measures of spasticity (Koppel B S, Brust J C, Fife T,Bronstein J, Youssof S, Gronseth G, Gloss D (April 2014). “Systematicreview: Efficacy and safety of medical marijuana in selected neurologicdisorders: Report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of theAmerican Academy of Neurology”. Neurology 82 (17): 1556-63).

Centrally mediated pain and painful spasms. Based on the results of highquality trials, oral cannabis extract was rated as effective, and THC asprobably effective in treating central pain and painful spasms (Koppel,supra).

Neurodegenerative disorders in which cannabis and THC were recentlyindicated include, Huntington disease, Parkinson disease. (e.g.,ameliorating levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson disease),Alzheimer's disease, and other neurological disorders including but notlimited to Tourette syndrome, Cervical dystonia and epilepsy.

THC helps alleviating symptoms suffered both by AIDS patients, and bycancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, by increasing appetite anddecreasing nausea. It has also been shown to assist some glaucomapatients by reducing pressure within the eye, and is used in alleviatingneuropathic pain and spasticity.

Exemplary embodiments of the composition of the present invention arelisted below.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 50-99.9%bee food base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 60-99.9%bee food base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 70-99.9%bee food base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 80-99.9%bee food base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 90-99.9%bee food base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 50-90% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 60-80% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 65-70% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 60-70% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 60-95% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 70-95% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 80-95% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 90-95% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 95-99.9%bee food base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 96-99.9%bee food base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 97-99.9%bee food base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 95-99% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 97-99% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 98-99% beefood base (e.g., honey).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 50-99.9%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 60-99.9%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 65-99.9%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 70-99.9%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 80-99.9%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 90-99.9%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 50-90%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 60-80%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 65-70%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 60-70%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 60-95%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 70-95%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 80-95%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 90-95%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 95-99.9%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 96-99.9%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 97-99.9%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 95-99%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 97-99%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 98-99%honey.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-5%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-4%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-3%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-2%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-1%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.9%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.8%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.7%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.6%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.5%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.3%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.2%cannabis oil.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 10-600mg/g THC and/or CBD.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 10-200mg/gr THC and/or CBD.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 10-100mg/gr THC and/or CBD.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 50-100mg/gr THC and/or CBD.

Optionally, as mentioned, the composition comprises at least onepharmaceutical (e.g., which is not naturally present in the cannabisoil).

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-1%pharmaceutical.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.9%pharmaceutical.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.8%pharmaceutical.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.7%pharmaceutical.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.6%pharmaceutical.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.5%pharmaceutical.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.3%pharmaceutical.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises 0.1-0.2%pharmaceutical.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 50%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 60%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 65%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 70%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 80%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 90%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 95%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 96%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 97%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 98%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 99%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 99.1%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 99.2%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 99.3%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 99.4%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 99.5%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 99.6%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 99.7%.

According to a specific embodiment, the bee food base is present in thecomposition at an amount of at least 99.8%.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 1%.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 0.9%.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 0.8%.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 0.7%.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 0.6%.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 0.5%.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 0.4%.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 0.3%.

According to a specific embodiment, the cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 0.2%.

Of note, water can be added to the composition in order to dilute theactive ingredients.

According to a specific embodiment, the water portion does not exceed50%.

According to a specific embodiment, the water portion does not exceed45%.

According to a specific embodiment, the water portion does not exceed40%.

According to a specific embodiment, the water portion does not exceed35%.

According to a specific embodiment, the water portion does not exceed25%.

According to a specific embodiment, the water portion does not exceed15%.

According to a specific embodiment, the composition comprises:

50-99.9% bee food base;

0.1-1% cannabis oil; and optionally

0.1-1% pharmaceutical.

The composition is typically prepared by mixing the THC/CBD (e.g.,cannabis oil), optionally diluted in oil (e.g., olive oil) oremulsifier, with the pharmaceutical (when present). In a separate mix,honey and water are combined till 100%, Other ingredients such asdescribed hereinabove can be added.

Of note all percentages indicated herein refer to w/w, v/v, v/w or w/v.

A non-limiting protocol is provided infra and in Example 1 that follows.A liquid mixture containing honey [or glucose, beet sugar, honeysubstitutes, or treacle (molasses)] and water (e.g., two parts honey andone part water) is prepared. The composition is mixed by shaking.

Once the honey and water mixture is prepared, cannabis oil and/orcannabis hemp flowers in the form of a cake or powder are added.Finally, other ingredients such as natural coloring agents are added.

The components are mixed until reaching a homogeneous composition.According to a specific embodiment, mixing is done while heating (e.g.,to 75° C.).

After preparation, the mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature,and poured it into a bee feeding station according to the capacity ofthe feeding station. The feeding cycle depends on the capacity of thefeeding station and the size of the bee hive.

The bee ingestible composition can be delivered to the bees in a greatvariety of ways. As detailed herein, bee feeding is common practiceamongst bee-keepers, for providing both nutritional and other, forexample, supplemental needs. Bees typically feed on honey and pollen,but have been known to ingest non-natural feeds as well. Bees can be fedvarious foodstuffs including, but not limited to Wheat (a dairy yeastgrown on cottage cheese), soybean flour, yeast (e.g. brewer's yeast,torula yeast) and yeast products products-fed singly or in combinationand soybean flour fed as a dry mix or moist cake inside the hive or as adry mix in open feeders outside the hive. Also useful is sugar, or asugar syrup. The addition of 10 to 12 percent pollen to a supplement fedto bees improves palatability. The addition of 25 to 30 percent pollenimproves the quality and quantity of essential nutrients that arerequired by bees for vital activity.

Cane or beet sugar, isomerized corn syrup, and type-50 sugar syrup aresatisfactory substitutes for honey in the natural diet of honey bees.The last two can be supplied only as a liquid to bees.

Liquid feed can be supplied to bees inside the hive by, for example, anyof the following methods: friction-top pail, combs within the broodchamber, division board feeder, boardman feeder, etc. Dry sugar may befed by placing a pound or two on the inverted inner cover. A supply ofwater must be available to bees at all times. In one embodiment, pan ortrays in which floating supports-such as wood chips, cork, or plasticsponge—are present are envisaged. Detailed descriptions of supplementalfeeds for bees can be found in, for example, USDA publication byStandifer, et al 1977, entitled “Supplemental Feeding of Honey BeeColonies” (USDA, Agriculture Information Bulletin No. 413).

As the honey comprises the active ingredients fed to the bees, there isalso provided herein a method of producing honey. The method comprises:

-   -   (a) feeding the bees with the bee ingestible composition as        describe herein; and or concomitantly    -   (b) collecting the honey produced by the bees.

Honey extraction is done after or concomitantly with feeding with thebee ingestible composition using methods which are well known to thoseskilled in the tradition of beekeeping. Measures are taken to feed thebees with the composition at the time of honey production, whilerestricting their accessibility to field nectar/pollen.

Those of skills in the art of beekeeping will know to time theextraction.

According to some embodiments of the invention, and as orallyadministered compositions are also evident in the honey (albeit in farlower concentrations than initially administered 1000 fold reduction),the present teachings also contemplate a processed product comprisingthe honey obtainable according to the present teachings.

Thus, according to an aspect of the invention there is provided honeyobtainable according to the methods described herein.

The honey may comprise any cannabis oil metabolite, e.g., cannabinoid,e.g., THC and/or CBD.

According to a specific embodiment, the honey is free of plant materiale.g., cellulose.

According to a further aspect there is provided honey comprising THCand/or CBD and optionally a pharmaceutical which is not-naturallypresent in cannabis as described herein.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the honey ischaracterized in that it comprises about 1,000 or more fold lower (e.g.,about 10,000 fold lower) concentration of THC and/or CBD than thatpresent in the cannabis oil used to prepare said bee-ingestiblecomposition, and about 4 or more fold lower concentration of THC and/orCBD than the bee-ingestible composition itself. Measurements can be madeusing methods which are well known in the art such as liquidchromatography.

According to a specific embodiment, the honey is characterized in thatit comprises 4-10 fold lower concentration of THC and/or CBD (and/or thepharmaceutical) than that present in the bee-ingestible composition.

According to a specific embodiment, the honey is characterized in thatit comprises 4-8 fold lower concentration of THC and/or CBD (and/or thepharmaceutical) than that present in the bee-ingestible composition.

According to a specific embodiment, the honey is characterized in thatit comprises 4-6 fold lower concentration of THC and/or CBD (and/or thepharmaceutical) than that present in the bee-ingestible composition.

According to a specific embodiment, the honey is characterized in thatit comprises 3-6 fold lower concentration of THC and/or CBD (and/or thepharmaceutical) than that present in the bee-ingestible composition.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided honey comprising 5 ppm-500 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided honey comprising 5 ppm-400 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present inventionthere is provided honey comprising 5 ppm-300 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to a further aspect, there is provided honey which ischaracterized in that it comprises 10 ppm-200 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to a specific embodiment, the honey is characterized in thatit comprises 50 ppm-100 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to a specific embodiment, the honey is characterized in thatit comprises 50 ppm-80 ppm THC and/or CBD.

According to a specific embodiment, the honey is characterized in thatit comprises a pharmaceutical.

According to one embodiment the honey is in a semi-solid form.

According to one embodiment the honey is in a solid form.

According to one embodiment the honey is in a liquid form.

Throughout this specification, the term honey is used to include anyhoney-like beehive product, including those that do not fulfill thenutritional definitions of honey as defined by some food regulatoryauthorities. Natural honey as defined by the National Honey Board of theUnited States (www(dot)nhb(dot)org) will be referred to as “pure honey”or “regular honey”.

However, the honey serving as the bee food base is pure honey.

A processed product comprising the honeybee products are alsocontemplated herein e.g., cakes, cookies, bars, candy, grains, chewablehoney (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 8,642,103).

According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided amethod of treating a medical condition which is alleviated by cannabis,the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof atherapeutically effective amount of the honey or a processed productthereof as described herein, thereby treating the medical conditionwhich is alleviated by cannabis.

According to a specific embodiment, the medical condition is selectedfrom the group consisting of nausea and pain associated with cancer andchemotherapy; nausea, pain and wasting associated with AIDS; arthritisand rheumatism; glaucoma; migraine; muscle spasticity associated withmultiple sclerosis and paralysis; alcohol and narcotics withdrawal;stress; depression; asthma; epileptic seizures, dementia, diabetes,neuropathic pain or diseases associated therewith, and other medicalconditions described throughout the specification.

Additional examples include, but are not limited to fibromyalgia andposttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and pain associated therewith.

According to a specific embodiment, the subject treated with thecomposition is a human being, though veterinary indications are alsocontemplated herein.

The subject may suffer from the disease or be at risk of having it. Thesubject may be of any gender or age. According to a specific embodiment,the subject is 75 years of age or older.

As used herein the term “about” refers to ±10%.

The terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “includes”, “including”, “having”and their conjugates mean “including but not limited to”.

The term “consisting of” means “including and limited to”.

The term “consisting essentially of” means that the composition, methodor structure may include additional ingredients, steps and/or parts, butonly if the additional ingredients, steps and/or parts do not materiallyalter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition,method or structure.

As used herein, the singular form “a”, “an” and “the” include pluralreferences unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example,the term “a compound” or “at least one compound” may include a pluralityof compounds, including mixtures thereof.

Throughout this application, various embodiments of this invention maybe presented in a range format. It should be understood that thedescription in range format is merely for convenience and brevity andshould not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of theinvention. Accordingly, the description of a range should be consideredto have specifically disclosed all the possible subranges as well asindividual numerical values within that range. For example, descriptionof a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specificallydisclosed subranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6 etc., as well as individual numberswithin that range, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. This appliesregardless of the breadth of the range.

Whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to includeany cited numeral (fractional or integral) within the indicated range.The phrases “ranging/ranges between” a first indicate number and asecond indicate number and “ranging/ranges from” a first indicate number“to” a second indicate number are used herein interchangeably and aremeant to include the first and second indicated numbers and all thefractional and integral numerals therebetween.

As used herein the term “method” refers to manners, means, techniquesand procedures for accomplishing a given task including, but not limitedto, those manners, means, techniques and procedures either known to, orreadily developed from known manners, means, techniques and proceduresby practitioners of the chemical, pharmacological, biological,biochemical and medical arts.

As used herein, the term “treating” includes abrogating, substantiallyinhibiting, slowing or reversing the progression of a condition,substantially ameliorating clinical or aesthetical symptoms of acondition or substantially preventing the appearance of clinical oraesthetical symptoms of a condition.

It is appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, forclarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also beprovided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, variousfeatures of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in thecontext of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or inany suitable subcombination or as suitable in any other describedembodiment of the invention. Certain features described in the contextof various embodiments are not to be considered essential features ofthose embodiments, unless the embodiment is inoperative without thoseelements.

Various embodiments and aspects of the present invention as delineatedhereinabove and as claimed in the claims section below find experimentalsupport in the following examples.

EXAMPLES

Reference is now made to the following examples, which together with theabove descriptions illustrate some embodiments of the invention in a nonlimiting fashion.

Generally, the nomenclature used herein and the laboratory proceduresutilized in the present invention include molecular, biochemical,microbiological and recombinant DNA techniques. Such techniques arethoroughly explained in the literature. See, for example, “MolecularCloning: A laboratory Manual” Sambrook et al., (1989); “CurrentProtocols in Molecular Biology” Volumes I-III Ausubel, R. M., ed.(1994); Ausubel et al., “Current Protocols in Molecular Biology”, JohnWiley and Sons, Baltimore, Md. (1989); Perbal, “A Practical Guide toMolecular Cloning”, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1988); Watson et al.,“Recombinant DNA”, Scientific American Books, New York; Birren et al.(eds) “Genome Analysis: A Laboratory Manual Series”, Vols. 1-4, ColdSpring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York (1998); methodologies as setforth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,666,828; 4,683,202; 4,801,531; 5,192,659 and5,272,057; “Cell Biology: A Laboratory Handbook”, Volumes I-III Cellis,J. E., ed. (1994); “Culture of Animal Cells—A Manual of Basic Technique”by Freshney, Wiley-Liss, N. Y. (1994), Third Edition; “Current Protocolsin Immunology” Volumes I-III Coligan J. E., ed. (1994); Stites et al.(eds), “Basic and Clinical Immunology” (8th Edition), Appleton & Lange,Norwalk, Conn. (1994); Mishell and Shiigi (eds), “Selected Methods inCellular Immunology”, W. H. Freeman and Co., New York (1980); availableimmunoassays are extensively described in the patent and scientificliterature, see, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,791,932; 3,839,153;3,850,752; 3,850,578; 3,853,987; 3,867,517; 3,879,262; 3,901,654;3,935,074; 3,984,533; 3,996,345; 4,034,074; 4,098,876; 4,879,219;5,011,771 and 5,281,521; “Oligonucleotide Synthesis” Gait, M. J., ed.(1984); “Nucleic Acid Hybridization” Hames, B. D., and Higgins S. J.,eds. (1985); “Transcription and Translation” Hames, B. D., and HigginsS. J., eds. (1984); “Animal Cell Culture” Freshney, R. I., ed. (1986);“Immobilized Cells and Enzymes” IRL Press, (1986); “A Practical Guide toMolecular Cloning” Perbal, B., (1984) and “Methods in Enzymology” Vol.1-317, Academic Press; “PCR Protocols: A Guide To Methods AndApplications”, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990); Marshak et al.,“Strategies for Protein Purification and Characterization—A LaboratoryCourse Manual” CSHL Press (1996); all of which are incorporated byreference as if fully set forth herein. Other general references areprovided throughout this document. The procedures therein are believedto be well known in the art and are provided for the convenience of thereader. All the information contained therein is incorporated herein byreference.

Example 1 Feeding Protocols

A feeding protocol was developed aiming to find the range ofconcentrations of Cannabis oils, Naringin, honey and water suitable forhoney bee consumption (A).

A similar feeding protocol aimed at finding the range of concentrationsof honey, water, natural coloring agents, and cannabis oil optimal forhoney bee consumption (B).

Generally, honey was mixed by shaking with water at the indicatedpositions. Once the honey and water mixture was prepared, cannabis oilwas added. A pre-produced cannabis oil was used from IMC Agro Ltd.Finally, several other components were added to the mixture, such aslecithin (an emulsifier), and various coloring agents, such as beetjuice and beet extract, paprika, and tomato peel extract, and royaljelly, which is a bee feed component.

The components were mixed until a homogeneous mixture was produced.While mixing, the mixture was heated to 75° C.

After preparation, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature,and poured it into a bee feeding station according to the capacity ofthe feeding station. The feeding cycle depends on the capacity of thefeeding station and the size of the bee hive.

The treatments were offered to the honey bees in small cans or feedingtroughs and attraction data was collected (see FIG. 1 and Table 1A forprotocol A, Table 1B for Protocol B, below).

Protocol A:

The following parameters were applied:

1. Naringin 98% purity diluted in water.

2. Cannabis oil % in the protocol.

3. Different ratios of CBD and THC in the full profile of Cannabisextracts.

4. % of honey in the protocol as part of the total honey and waterquantity.

5. % of water in the protocol as part of the total honey and waterquantity.

TABLE 1A Naringin CBD/THC % Cannabis oil ratio Honey water attraction #w/w % w/w w/w % w/w % w/w 1-10 1 2 1 5/1 55 45 1 2 2 0.5 2/1 60 40 1 3 20.25 1/1 65 35 3 4 2 0.2 1/2 70 30 4 5 2 0.1 1/3 75 25 4 6 1 1 5/1 55 453 7 1 0.5 2/1 60 40 3 8 1 0.25 1/1 65 35 5 9 1 0.2 1/2 70 30 6 10 1 0.11/3 75 25 6 11 0.5 1 5/1 55 45 4 12 0.5 0.5 2/1 60 40 4 13 0.5 0.25 1/165 35 5 14 0.5 0.2 1/2 70 30 9 15 0.5 0.1 1/3 75 25 9 16 0.1 1 5/1 55 454 17 0.1 0.5 2/1 60 40 4 18 0.1 0.25 1/1 65 35 5 19 0.1 0.2 1/2 70 30 920 0.1 0.1 1/3 75 25 9

Protocol B:

The following parameters were applied:

1. % of honey in the protocol as part of the total honey and waterquantity.2. % of water in the protocol as part of the total honey and waterquantity.3. % of coloring agents.4. Different ratios of CBD and THC in the full profile of cannabisextracts.

TABLE 1B Natural Coloring CBD/THC Honey Water Agents Cannabis Oil ratioAttraction # % w/w % w/w % w/w % w/w w/w (1-10) 1 50 50 0.10 1.0 1/9 4 257 43 0.10 1.0 1/9 5 3 60 40 0.10 1.0 1/4 6 4 67 33 0.10 1.0 1/4 9 5 7723 0.10 1.0 1/4 8

The data in Tables 1A-B above suggests that according to a specificembodiment of the invention:

Honey % should be higher than 65% (e.g., 70% or more);

Water % should be lower than 35%.

4-5 are good attraction parameters.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention:

Honey % should be higher than 50% (e.g., 70% or more);

Water % should be lower than 50%.

Example 2 Cannabis Honey Production

Cannabis honey and cannabis honey with Naringin were produced using thefeeding protocols.

TABLE 2A in the oil in the honey Cannabis Naringin CBD Naringin oil % %CBD % THC % ppm THCppm ppm 0.2 0 2.7 1.6 31 17 0 0.2 0.5 2.7 1.6 30 17 50.2 0 10 5 95 52 0 0.2 0.5 10 5 98 49 5In all preparations the level of cannabinol was less than 10 ppm.ppm=mg/kg

An exemplary feeding protocol was used to produce Cannabis oil honeywith and without Naringin.

Gas chromatography was used to detect the content of the CBD, THC andNaringin in the honey.

The data was expressed in mg/kg=ppm.

The total dilution done by the preparation of the feeding protocol andthe honey bees was 1/100,000 and therefore these concentrations in thehoney were expected.

Cannabis honey with the natural coloring agents was produced using thefeeding protocols.

TABLE 2B % ppm in the Cannabis % in the Oil Bee Feed ppm in the HoneyType Oil CBD THC CBD THC CBD THC A 1 1.3 13 103 381 8.3 60.14 B 1 2.5 1025 254 6.0 51.0

An exemplary feeding protocol was used to produce Cannabis oil withhoney.

Liquid chromatography was used to detect the content of the CBD and THCin the honey.

Example 3 Impact Evaluation on Subjects Suffering from Chronic Pain

Protocol synopsis is presented in Table 3 below.

TABLE 3 Diagnosis and main Patients in the Pain Policlinic in HaEmek MC,Israel. Patients with the chronic eligibility criteria: pain that usedcannabis in the past. Statistical methods: All measured variables andderived parameters are listed individually and, if appropriate,tabulated by descriptive statistics. For descriptive statistics, summarytables are provided giving sample size, absolute and relative frequencyby study group, and sample size, arithmetic mean, standard deviation,coefficient of variation (if appropriate), median, minimum and maximum,percentiles, p values, and 95% CI (Confidence Interval) by study groupfor means of continuous variables. Chi-square test or Fisher's Exacttest (as appropriate) is applied for testing the statisticalsignificance of the difference in percent of subjects reporting adverseevents between the study groups. Paired t-test or Signed-Rank test (asappropriate) is applied for testing the statistical significance of thechanges from baseline in laboratory results within each study group.ANOVA model is applied for testing the statistical significance of thedifference in the changes in laboratory results between the studygroups. Dunnett's method is used for comparing each of the active groupsto the Placebo group. ANOVA model is applied for testing the statisticalsignificance of the difference in immunological markers and thesecondary endpoint parameters between the study groups. Dunnett's methodis used for comparing each of the active groups to the Placebo group.Changes in immunological markers and efficacy parameters may be assessedacross each individual subject.

Specifically:

Each patient filled a Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) questioner (questioner#1) immediately prior to treating with smoking cannabis, 24 hours afterthe patients were provided with BPI questioner #2, 3 days later patientswere provided with questioner #3 and immediately after treated withcannabis honey, 24 hours later patients were provided with BPIquestioner #4. All together 7 patients were engaged with the study. 4patients were diagnosed with fibromyalgia, 3 with posttraumatic stressdisorder (PTSD).

The questioners were collected and the data was analyzed by t-test foreach administration (cannabis and cannabis honey).

Dosing:

Active dose in cannabis cigarette—THC—16-24% PPM and CBD—2% (eachpatient received a cigarette of 0.8-1 gr).

Active dose in cannabis honey—THC—45 PPM and CBD—4 PPM (each patient wastreated with a teaspoon of honey: 7 gr).

The analysis of the administration of cannabis honey resulted inpositive trends and statistically significant changes in twoindications—fibromyalgia and PTSD. The results are shown in FIGS. 2-10.

Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specificembodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modificationsand variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives,modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scopeof the appended claims.

All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in thisspecification are herein incorporated in their entirety by referenceinto the specification, to the same extent as if each individualpublication, patent or patent application was specifically andindividually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference. Inaddition, citation or identification of any reference in thisapplication shall not be construed as an admission that such referenceis available as prior art to the present invention. To the extent thatsection headings are used, they should not be construed as necessarilylimiting.

What is claimed is:
 1. A bee ingestible composition comprising at least50% bee food base and THC and/or CBD.
 2. The bee ingestible compositionof claim 1, comprising cannabis oil.
 3. The bee-ingestible compositionof claim 1, wherein said CBD and/or THC is present in the bee-ingestiblecomposition at an amount of 10-600 mg/gr.
 4. The bee-ingestiblecomposition of claim 1, comprising lecithin, honey, water, beet juice,cannabis oil and a coloring agent.
 5. The bee ingestible composition ofclaim 1, wherein said bee food base is in a liquid form.
 6. The beeingestible composition of claim 1, wherein said bee food base is in asemi-solid form.
 7. The bee ingestible composition of claim 1, whereinsaid bee food base comprises a natural bee feed.
 8. The bee-ingestiblecomposition of claim 1, wherein said bee food base is selected from thegroup consisting of honey, pollen, nectar, a carbohydrate solution andmixtures thereof.
 9. The bee-ingestible composition of claim 1, whereinsaid bee food base is honey.
 10. The bee-ingestible composition of claim2, wherein said CBD and/or THC in said cannabis oil is present in thebee-ingestible composition at an amount not exceeding 0.2%.
 11. Thebee-ingestible composition of claim 1, comprising 50-99.9% bee foodbase, 0.1-5% cannabis oil; and optionally 0.1-1% pharmaceutical.
 12. Amethod of producing honey comprising: (a) feeding bees with the beeingestible composition of claim 1; and (b) collecting the honey producedby said bees.
 13. Honey obtainable according to the method of claim 12.14. The honey of claim 13, being substantially free of plant material.15. The honey of claim 13, characterized in that it comprises about1,000 or more fold lower (e.g., about 10,000 fold lower) concentrationof THC and/or CBD than that present in the cannabis oil used to preparesaid bee-ingestible composition, and optionally about 4 or more foldlower concentration of THC and/or CBD than the bee-ingestiblecomposition itself.
 16. Honey comprising 5 ppm-300 ppm THC and/or CBD.17. The honey of claim 16, comprising 50 ppm-100 ppm THC and/or CBD. 18.The honey of claim 16, comprising 50 ppm-80 ppm THC and/or CBD.
 19. Aprocessed product comprising the honey of claim
 13. 20. A method oftreating a medical condition which is alleviated by cannabis, the methodcomprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeuticallyeffective amount of the honey or a processed product thereof of claim13, thereby treating the medical condition which is alleviated bycannabis.
 21. The method of claim 20, wherein said medical condition isselected from the group consisting of nausea and pain associated withcancer and chemotherapy; nausea, pain and wasting associated with AIDS;arthritis and rheumatism; glaucoma; migraine; muscle spasticityassociated with multiple sclerosis and paralysis; alcohol and narcoticswithdrawal; stress; depression; asthma; epileptic seizures, dementia,fibromyalgia, insomnia and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).